India can still be a hard place to be a woman. Despite significant progress over the last decades, the proportion of women who can read and write is still lower than for men and less than a quarter participate in paid work outside the home according to the World Bank. Inside the home though many women say they can now participate in decisions with their husbands, one-third also report having experienced spousal violence. Dowries were made illegal in India in 1961 but failure by the bride’s family to pay what is considered a “decent dowry” can still result in injury and even death of the woman. Discrimination and lack of opportunity can be even more pronounced for women of certain caste and religious backgrounds.

Into this setting, the Sambhali Trust was established in 2007 to promote the empowerment of women and girls in Rajasthan, Northern India, and now runs numerous educational and employment related activities including women’s empowerment centres in Jodphur, Setrawa (the desert hometown of Sambhali founder Govind Rathore) and Jaisalmer.

Like many other female focused organizations, Sambhali knows that education and employment hold the key to women’s independence, dignity and flourishing. Unique and certainly integral to the Sambhali approach is to work through, not against, culture in supporting the women and girls they work with. In Rajasthan, this has helped create a space where women can co-liberate and create continuous change within their households and communities, by serving as role models for each other and the next generation.

One of the empowerment centres in Jodphur is the Laadli Centre, housed in a small, white building on a semi-quiet street near the rail tracks. It consists of an open area and two small rooms to the side, filled to the roof with papers, books and sewing equipment, and walls covered with inspirational student-made posters (e.g., one on bright pink paper is a drawing of a dumbbell with the inscription “girl power”).  The centre is run briskly and warmly by two women - Anju and Alia.

Anju is Jodphur native, married with two college age sons and living with her husband's family near the Sambhali Trust office on the other side of Jodphur to the Laadli centre. As a girl she was able to complete secondary school but after marriage was expected to stay at home and not work outside. However, seven years ago, after her children were old enough and a Sambhali centre had opened nearby, her mother-in-law told her and her sister-in-law to go and learn sewing there.

So, Anju started coming to the centre to learn sewing where she recalls "many good teachers" but her favourite was Taphu, who had also previously been a student with Sambhali. Within the Sambhali community and during special occasions the colour pink is important, with students wear light pink and teachers dark pink. Anju speaks about seeing her teacher Taphu in a dark pink sari and thinking "I wear this colour sari one time, and my dream (then) I am a student, (now) I am a teacher" – the colour coming to represent both Anju’s respect for her teacher and her own aspirations.

Anju realised this dream when a job became available at the newly opened Laadli Centre last year, and she was recommended to Govind by Taphu as someone with promise, skilled in both sewing and academic subjects.  Now "I'm coming here (as a teacher) and very proud (to help students) study and problem solve ... happy with my work because always needed... students come here and I can help". Her husband and family are also pleased because she can bring in some income working outside and manage the household, with her mother-in-law's help - not having to choose between one or the other.

The centres have similar schedules – sewing and embroidery classes for women in the morning and classes in English, Hindi and Maths for children of varied ages and levels in the afternoon. Within this there is great openness, flexibility and generosity to help anyone in need. One morning visit, while simultaneously supervising sewing and embroidery work, Anju sat with Muskar, a 15-year-old girl whose schooling was disrupted during COVID and has fallen behind. Anju is providing 1:1 tutoring to help her catch up so she can be readmitted to school 2-3 months’ time. She was also administering a monthly test in Hindi, English and Maths to a handful of young women while the rest of the group were sewing, lovingly promoting discipline, attention to detail and joy of learning at any age.

Importantly for Anju and Sambhali, knowledge and empowerment does not just flow one way. At the centres women and girls can also support and learn from each other e.g., to improve sewing technique, and take their work for sale at local markets, also helping with income generation.

"My dream (is) all the students learning, sewing, earning money and taking this home" Anju says.

Helping Anju realise this dream is Alia, the other teacher working at the Laadli Centre. She is married with a little son but unlike Anju she is not from Jodphur, Muslim and lives in the neighbourhood surrounding the Laadli Centre. She came to work with Sambhali not as a former student but through community connections, reflecting the commitment to hire people locally and ensure trust. She is a qualified Urdu teacher, having learnt to read and write Urdu at a Madrasa when young.

Govind says of Alia and other Muslim women within the Sambhali family " I know them as strong, independent, individual women. I have great respect for them because they are not just literate, educated women but follow traditions of being good mother, daughter, housewife".  Crucially she and others "follow the culture of the family and that's what gives them the opportunity to .. go work. Had Alia broken .. gender norms she would not be allowed to leave the house."

Anju, Alia and others like them are the stars of Sambhali, engendering tremendous hope for the next generation of women - their daughters, daughters - in - law, current and future students. Not only will these girls and young women "not be put to fire" for not having enough dowry but treated with respect and encouraged to study further and be independent before marriage, as Anju has said she wants for both her sons and future daughters - in - law.

 

Encapsulating the spirit of Anju, Alia, Laadli Centre and Sambhali are the words to the civil rights protest song “We shall overcome”, which is sung at the beginning of the afternoon session at Laadli Centre, older children leading the younger ones.

 

We will walk hand in hand

We shall live in peace

We shall all be free

We are not afraid

We shall overcome

Oh deep in my heart

I do believe

We shall overcome one day

 

For more information and ways to support the Sambhali Trust, visit their website at https://www.sambhali.org/.

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